Among the ancient Dravidian tribes, the people called 'Kalavar' are also notable. The existence of a land that gives the mark of this tribe in the vicinity of the famous Nandi Hills is known from detailed inscriptions. Kalavaranadu is mentioned in many inscriptions of the Chola period. It is mentioned that it was a land belonging to the Cholamandala in Nigarili. But it seems that the name 'Kalavaranadu' was in common use for that region even before that. There is also a village named Kalavar/Kandavara on the eastern foothills of the Nandi Hills. It is also found that the Kalavara hills are called 'Skandhagiri' and the Kalavara village is called Kandavara, which is a Sanskrit adaptation. This Kalavara hill and the surrounding villages are the origin of 'Kalavaranad' and the area comprising the hills around Nandidurga can be said to have been named Kalavaranadu.
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The community had wedding tax, cultivation tax, registration of births and deaths, and everyone had to offer gifts to jagirdhar's families during Pongal celebrations. Till 25 June 1976 the area was "not part of India, as there was no presence of governance or any government till then". The three jagirdhars were not willing to recognise the government of India and abide by its statutes by handing over 105 villages under them. The hill was brought under the government control on 25 June 1976 by invoking slavery abolition legislation, 1963
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